Isolation and characterization of Bacillus megaterium mutants containing decreased levels of spore protease. Ultraviolet irradiation of DNA complexed with alpha/beta-type small, acid-soluble proteins from spores of Bacillus or Clostridium species makes spore photoproduct but not thymine dimers. Binding of DNA in vitro by a small, acid-soluble spore protein from Bacillus subtilis and the effect of this binding on DNA topology. Dramatic increase in negative superhelicity of plasmid DNA in the forespore compartment of sporulating cells of Bacillus subtilis. Essential role of small, acid-soluble spore proteins in resistance of Bacillus subtilis spores to UV light. Synthesis and processing of precursor forms during sporulation and germination. Bacillus megaterium spore protease: purification, radioimmunoassay, and analysis of antigen level and localization during growth, sporulation, and spore germination. Acid-soluble spore proteins of Bacillus subtilis. Properties of spores of Bacillus subtilis strains which lack the major small, acid-soluble protein. Expression of a Bacillus megaterium sporulation-specific gene during sporulation of Bacillus subtilis. Immunoelectron microscopic localization of small, acid-soluble spore proteins in sporulating cells of Bacillus subtilis. Francesconi SC, MacAlister TJ, Setlow B, Setlow P.Links to PubMed are also available for Selected References. Get a printable copy (PDF file) of the complete article (1.7M), or click on a page image below to browse page by page. Full textįull text is available as a scanned copy of the original print version. These data suggest that (i) alpha/beta-type SASP remain bound to much, although not all, of the chromosome in germinated gpr spores (ii) the alpha/beta-type SASP bound to the chromosome in gpr spores alter this DNA's topology and UV photochemistry and (iii) the presence of alpha/beta-type SASP on the chromosome is detrimental to normal spore outgrowth. subtilis gpr spores was suppressed by the absence of major alpha/beta-type SASP. Strikingly, the slow outgrowth phenotype of B. Consequently, germinated gpr spores were more UV resistant than germinated gpr+ spores. subtilis spores early in germination generated significant amounts of spore photoproduct and only small amounts of thymine dimers (TT) in contrast UV irradiation of germinated gpr+ spores generated almost no spore photoproduct and three to four times more TT. The rapid decrease in the number of negative supertwists in plasmid DNA seen during germination of gpr+ spores was also much slower in gpr spores. Not surprisingly, gpr spores had much lower rates of RNA and protein synthesis during outgrowth than did gpr+ spores, although both types of spores had similar levels of ATP. However, SASP degradation was very slow during germination of gpr mutant spores, and in rich media the time taken for spores to return to vegetative growth (defined as outgrowth) was much longer in gpr than in gpr+ spores. subtilis mutants with an inactivated gpr gene grew, sporulated, and triggered spore germination as did gpr+ strains. During germination of spores of Bacillus species the degradation of the spore's pool of small, acid-soluble proteins (SASP) is initiated by a protease termed GPR, the product of the gpr gene.
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